wurtenberger



(No Model.)

2Sheets-Sheet 1. F. WUR TENBERGER. Blast' Apparatus for Treating Iron inReverberatory or other Furnaces. No. 238,628. Patented March 8,1881.

N4 PETERS. PHOTO-L THOGRAPN WASHINGYON A C 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

F. WURTBNBERGER. V Blast Apparatus fOrTreating Iron in Reverberatory or"other Furnaces.

Patented March 8,1881.

My PETERS. PHOTO-UTHOGRAPNEW, WASHINGTON, D C.

llarra STATES ATENT FFKCELQ FRANZ WVURTENBERGER, OF RUHBORT, PRUSSIA,GERMANY.

BLAST APPARATUS FOR TREATING IRONIN REVERBERATORY OR OTHER FURNACES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 238,628, dated March 8,1881.

Application filed March 27, 1880.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, FRANZ WURTENBERGER, of Ruhrort, in the Kingdom ofPrussia and German Empire, have invented a new and Improved BlastApparatus for Treating Iron in a Reverberatory or other Furnace, ofwhich the following is a specification, and for which 1 have receivedGerman L'etters Patent for fifteen years, dated April 27, 1879, numberedThis invention relates to an improvement in the manufacture of largequantities of steel or ingot iron, in regenerative or otherreverberatory furnaces, by blowing air into the bath of metal by meansof a tuyere apparatus of peculiar construction, capable of beingintroduced separately into the furnace and into the bath of metal.TVhite or mottled pig-iron is to be used chiefly, but grey pig may beemployed also. Any quantity of steel-scrap or iron-scrap may be mixedwith the pig-iron, and this method of working may therefore be also usedin the Martin or open-hearth process as now practiced, offering manyadvantages, because it enables the use of a considerably greaterquantity of pig-iron, accelerates the process, in creases theproduction, and makes the product more homogeneous.

The process is carried out byintroducing one or a number of thedescribed tuyere apparatus into the bath of metal in the reverberatoryor regenerative furnace, the bath consisting of pig-iron alone takenfrom a blast-furnace or a cupola, or obtained by melting down in thereverberatory furnace either pig-iron alone or a mixture of pig-ironwith steel oriron. The air blown in by means of the tuyere apparatuscauses a rapid elimination of the silicon, carbon, &c., in the bath ofmetal. The decarhonization is carried to the point necessaryin order toobtain the product desired, and then the quality aimed at is produced,according to estimation, by the addition of spiegeleisen,ferromanganese, &c.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a verticallongitudinal section of a furnace, and the apparatus in position; Fig.2, a horizontal section of the apparatus taken on line 0 c of Fig. 1.Figs. 3 and 4 are vertical 0 sectional views of the apparatus and a partof the furnace, on an enlarged scale, showing the (No model.)

Patented in Germany May 27, 1879.

construction in detail; and Fig. 5 is an enlarged horizontal sectionalview of the apparatus and a part of the furnace.

The tuyere apparatus which serves to carry out this process consists, asshown by the drawings, of three (more or less) wrought-iron tubes,

A, coated with refractorymaterial B, and carrying on the, ends, dippinginto the bath of metal, a fire-proof nozzle, a. The outer end, which itis best to provide with a small flange,

is nicely fitted into a movable cast-iron distributer, O, andisfastened, by means ofacover,

b, and a wedge, d, or otherwise, in such manner that the tubes areintimately connected with the distributer, so that the entire apparatusmay be guided bytwo handles, D D.

The method ofattaching thetubes or tuyeres, and the methodofconstructing the distributer, &c., may also be eifected by othersimple means.

The apparatus may consist of one single or of two or more tubes ortuyeres. The nozzle may be ofdifferent shape, and may possess one ormore openings for the passage of the blast.

The tubes dip into the bath of metal in a fur- 7 nace to a requisitedepth, as shown in Fig. 1, and corresponding pressure of blast must beprovided for. The pressure is generally about seven and one-half poundsper square inch above atmosphericpressure.) If one nozzle or one tubehas become defective during the blow it can be exchanged at once.

The joint between the apparatus and the blast-pipe E is a smallelbow-pipe, F, attached to the distributer O, a firm and blast-tightconnection between the said elbow-pipe and a vertically-movable sectionof pipe, G, and between said Vertically-movable pipe and a blast-supplypipe, H, which is capable of turning, being made by means of a frame andscrew, cf. The turning pipe and the vertically-movable section followthe movement of the apparatus when the tubes or tuyeres are made to dipinto or out of the bath of metal. This connection with the blast-pipemaybe effected by other 5 means.

The two handles (1 of'the apparatus terminate in a frame, I, which, whenthe apparatus is introduced into the furnace, bears with pivotalconnections in two forked holders, J J, which are screwed intotheworking plate. This affords the apparatus a pivoting point, whichmaterially facilitates its manipulation. It is best to suspend theapparatus from an overhead track. It may, however be adjusted by othermeans.

It is evident that this tuyere apparatus, besides carrying out theprocesses mentioned in the above, in whichdephosphorizationisnotnecessary, is also the means for working the wellknown Thomas andGilchrist dephosphorizin g process in stationary reverberatory orgasgenerative furnaces. The bath of metal may in this case be eitherpig-iron alone or a smelted mixture of pig-iron with phosphoric steel oriron scrap. The apparatus furthermore permits the blowing offinely-powdered reagents into the bath of metal for the purpose ofdephosphorizing pig-iron as well as steel, it being possible to blowpowdered oxides-t'. 6., oxides of iron, oxides of manganese, lime, andmagnesia, or a mixture of them, these oxides causing the oxidation andthe slagging of the phosphorus--by means of the blast into the bath ofmetal. Thisniethod ofdephosphorization may also be used fordephosphorizing pig-iron by allowing the pig-iron to flow from theblastfurnace into a receptacle provided with the movable tuyercs, and bywhich a certain quantity of these oxides is supplied. By means of avalve the quantities ot'these reagents conducted to the apparatus can beeasily regulated.

DGPllOSlllllOl'lZlblOll in the gas-regenerative furnace may also beeffected in connection with the Bessemer process by bringing the chargefrom an ordinary Bessemer converter, (where phosphoric pi g-iron isblown until carbon and silicon are eliminated,) but without the cinderinto the regenerative furnace, and then carrying out thedephosphorization by means of the tuyere apparatus above described.

For certain purposes steam or gases may be blown into the bath of metalby means of the apparatus instead of air, and the blowing of reagentsmay also be effected by means of steam or compressed gases.

I claim 1. In combination with the distributer O, interposed between ablast-pipe and one or more tuyere-pipes, the handles D 1), frame I, andholders J J, attached to the furnace for the purpose of giving a pivotalsupport for the said distributer O and its connected parts, on whichthey can be turned so as to elevate and depress the nozzle of thetuyere-pipes when placed in the furnace, substantially as described.

2. In combination with the distributer U and the tuyereiipes supportedon the holders J and the blast E, the elbow F, adjustable pipe G, andpivoted pipe 1:1, to permit the tuyerepipes to be elevated and depressedwithout breaking their connection with the blast, substantially asdescribed.

This specification signed by me this 28th day of January, 1880.

- FRANZ \VUI-LTENBERGER.

Witnesses:

HOEVELEY, V. Kniiwrrz.

